Tensions Escalate Despite Security Cooperation
The foreign minister of Niger, under military rule since 2023, has accused Nigeria of using its territory to undermine Niger’s stability, leading to the summoning of the Nigerian charge d’affaires. This accusation comes after a period of strained relations following the coup in Niamey, which led to Niger’s exit from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).
Recent History of Diplomatic Relations
Nigeria, led by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, who also chairs ECOWAS, had contemplated a military move to restore the ousted president Mohamed Bazoum but later opted for diplomatic engagement. A significant step towards normalization occurred in August when both nations agreed to resume security cooperation, which had been suspended post-coup.
Current Diplomatic Frictions
However, the recent allegations by Niger’s Foreign Minister Bakary Yaou Sangare suggest a reversal in this warming trend. According to a statement aired on Niger state television, Nigeria is accused of providing refuge to officials from the previous regime and foreign powers intent on destabilizing Niger.
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Security Cooperation and Regional Threats
Despite these tensions, both countries had previously committed to non-aggression, with Nigeria’s military leadership promising not to destabilize Niger or any neighboring country during a meeting with Niger’s army chief. Niger, in turn, has shown willingness to actively participate again in the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJT), crucial for combating jihadist insurgencies in the region shared by Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, and Chad.
Regional Alliances and Ongoing Conflicts
Post-coup, Niger has aligned more closely with Mali and Burkina Faso, forming the Alliance of Sahel States (AES), another sign of shifting regional dynamics. The military government in Niger continues to battle various jihadist groups, including those affiliated with Islamic State, Al-Qaeda, and Boko Haram, particularly in the Tillaberi and Diffa regions.